Question 1

Once a structure is fully grown and mature, it will probably

Accepted Answer

A)   up-regulate its receptors for growth hormone, as it no longer receives as much of the ligand.
B)   up-regulate its receptors for growth hormone, as it no longer needs to continue to grow at a fast rate.
C)   down-regulate its receptors for growth hormone, as it no longer receives as much of the ligand.
D)   down-regulate its receptors for growth hormone, as it no longer needs to continue to grow at a fast rate.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 2

Control by the hypothalamus & pituitary gland. 
-This figure shows an example of regulation of hormone secretion by a negative feedback loop. The large box labeled 1 represents the initial stimulus. Which could be the initial stimulus for this pattern of regulation?

Accepted Answer

A)   High blood calcium level
B)   Low body temperature
C)   Low blood sugar level
D)   High WBC (white blood cell)  count
E)   Low RBC (red blood cell)  countF) C) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 3

Which hormone group is not secreted by the adrenal cortex?

Accepted Answer

A)   Corticosteroids
B)   Glucocorticoids
C)   Mineralocorticoids
D)   Gonadocorticoids
E)   No exceptions; all choices are secreted by the adrenal cortexF) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

Question 4

Once produced by an endocrine cell, a hormone enters the blood after passing through a duct.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Which of the following does not have an endocrine function?

Accepted Answer

A)   Urinary bladder
B)   Adipose tissue
C)   Liver
D)   Small intestineE) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 6

When the effects of water-soluble hormones on their target cells are considered, the hormone itself is

Accepted Answer

A)   the G protein.
B)   the second messenger.
C)   the first messenger.
D)   the hormone-response element.
E)   the phospholipase.F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 7

All hormone secretion is under the direct control of the hypothalamus.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

The term down-regulation refers to the process by which

Accepted Answer

A)   a glandular cell decreases the amount of hormone it secretes.
B)   a large amount of hormone shuts down all metabolic activity in a target cell.
C)   a cell decreases the number of receptors it has for a hormone.
D)   a carrier protein increases the rate of degradation for a hormone and thereby decreases its blood concentration.
E)   a carrier protein decreases the rate of degradation of the protein it ferries.F) A) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 9

Most hormones are made of chains of amino acids and are therefore

Accepted Answer

A)   steroids.
B)   biogenic amines.
C)   proteins.
D)   catecholamines.E) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 10

Oxytocin results in more forceful smooth muscle contractions in the uterus by causing target cells to increase production of

Accepted Answer

A)   adenylate cyclase.
B)   mRNA for myosin.
C)   inositol triphosphate.
D)   glucose.E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 11

What is the function of the mineralocorticoids secreted by the adrenal gland?

Accepted Answer

A)   Regulate glucose levels in the blood
B)   Act as secondary sex hormones
C)   Stimulate metabolism of lipids
D)   Regulate electrolyte concentration in body fluids
E)   Stimulate metabolism of proteinsF) A) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 12

Reduced hormone concentration in the blood often causes target cells to

Accepted Answer

A)   up-regulate receptors in order to increase cell sensitivity.
B)   up-regulate receptors in order to decrease cell sensitivity.
C)   down-regulate receptors in order to increase cell sensitivity.
D)   down-regulate receptors in order to decrease cell sensitivity.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 13

Identity, source, secretory control, & functional roles of the major hormones produced by the body. 
-This figure shows the pituitary gland. Which number is indicating a part of the primary plexus?

Accepted Answer

A)   2
B)   5
C)   6
D)   3
E)   1F) A) and E)
G) D) and E)

Question 14

Pancreatic hormones are secreted directly into the pancreatic duct for rapid transport to the small intestine.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

The adrenal glands are located ________ to the parietal peritoneum and each has a cortex of a ________ color.

Accepted Answer

A)   anterior; brown
B)   anterior; yellow
C)   posterior; brown
D)   posterior; yellowE) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 16

Modified amino acids that act as hormones are referred to as ________ amines.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Modified amino acids that act as hormones...

Question 17

When follicular cells of the thyroid are stimulated to secrete thyroid hormone (TH), they take up TH precursors from the inside of the follicle, transport and enzymatically modify them within a lysosome, and release TH to the blood.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

In response to high blood glucose, the pancreas releases insulin to enable glucose to enter body cells. When the blood glucose level returns to normal, insulin release stops. This is an example of regulation by

Accepted Answer

A)   endocrine dysplasia.
B)   negative feedback.
C)   positive feedback.
D)   neural regulation.
E)   somatic regulation.F) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

Question 19

When eicosanoids bring about cellular changes within the cell from which they were formed, the process is called ________ stimulation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When eicosanoids bring about cellular changes within...

Question 20

Protein hormones are

Accepted Answer

A)   lipid-soluble.
B)   water-soluble.
C)   soluble in both water and lipids.
D)   soluble in neither water nor lipids.E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Exam 17: Endocrine System

What is the function of the mineralocorticoids secreted by the adrenal gland?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Control by the hypothalamus & pituitary gland. -This figure shows an example of regulation of hormone secretion by a negative feedback loop. The large box labeled 1 represents the initial stimulus. Which could be the initial stimulus for this pattern of regulation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Once a structure is fully grown and mature, it will probably

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All hormone secretion is under the direct control of the hypothalamus.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The term down-regulation refers to the process by which

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Oxytocin results in more forceful smooth muscle contractions in the uterus by causing target cells to increase production of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When follicular cells of the thyroid are stimulated to secrete thyroid hormone (TH), they take up TH precursors from the inside of the follicle, transport and enzymatically modify them within a lysosome, and release TH to the blood.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Most hormones are made of chains of amino acids and are therefore

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Protein hormones are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following does not have an endocrine function?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Identity, source, secretory control, & functional roles of the major hormones produced by the body. -This figure shows the pituitary gland. Which number is indicating a part of the primary plexus?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Modified amino acids that act as hormones are referred to as ________ amines.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The adrenal glands are located ________ to the parietal peritoneum and each has a cortex of a ________ color.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When the effects of water-soluble hormones on their target cells are considered, the hormone itself is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When eicosanoids bring about cellular changes within the cell from which they were formed, the process is called ________ stimulation.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Once produced by an endocrine cell, a hormone enters the blood after passing through a duct.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In response to high blood glucose, the pancreas releases insulin to enable glucose to enter body cells. When the blood glucose level returns to normal, insulin release stops. This is an example of regulation by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Reduced hormone concentration in the blood often causes target cells to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Pancreatic hormones are secreted directly into the pancreatic duct for rapid transport to the small intestine.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which hormone group is not secreted by the adrenal cortex?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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The adrenal glands are located to the parietal peritoneum and each has a cortex of a color.

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