Question 1

Plant-based diets may reduce the risk for cardiovascular disease. This is likely due to the fact that, compared to animal sources of protein, plant sources of protein are lower in

Accepted Answer

A)   dietary fiber.
B)   saturated fat and cholesterol.
C)   one or more essential amino acids.
D)   phytochemicals.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 2

Insulin is one example of a protein that acts as

Accepted Answer

A)   an antioxidant.
B)   an enzyme.
C)   a hormone.
D)   an antibody.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 3

It takes approximately ________ kilograms of grain to produce 1 kilogram of animal protein in cereal-fed animals.

Accepted Answer

A)   2
B)   3
C)   5
D)   10E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 4

When there is a need for increased dietary protein during pregnancy or lactation, which of the following foods would be least desirable?

Accepted Answer

A)   Eggs
B)   Dried beans
C)   Gelatin
D)   BeefE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 5

Because the DNA cannot leave the nucleus to get to the ribosomes, the genes for proteins must be transcribed into ________ that can leave the nucleus.

Accepted Answer

A)   amino acids
B)   chromosomes
C)   mRNA
D)   tRNAE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 6

Approximately how many different amino acids are used in the synthesis of body proteins?

Accepted Answer

A)   5
B)   9
C)   20
D)   29E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 7

The American Institute for Cancer Research promotes "The New American Plate," which includes plant-based foods covering ________ of the plate and meat, fish, poultry, or low-fat dairy covering ________ of the plate.

Accepted Answer

A)   one-half; one-half
B)   three-quarters (or more) ; one-quarter (or less) 
C)   two-thirds (or more) ; one-third (or less) 
D)   one-third (or less) ; two-thirds (or more) E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 8

When an essential amino acid is lacking in the diet,

Accepted Answer

A)   nonessential amino acids will be converted into the missing amino acid.
B)   protein synthesis will be limited.
C)   glucose will be converted into the missing amino acid.
D)   proteins will be made, but they will lack that particular amino acid.E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 9

A hereditary condition caused by an incorrect amino acid in a protein chain is

Accepted Answer

A)   kwashiorkor.
B)   sickle cell anemia.
C)   marasmus.
D)   edema.E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 10

Which of the following is a true statement about body proteins?

Accepted Answer

A)   Body proteins are in a constant state of breakdown, rebuilding, and repair.
B)   Body proteins change very little after age 20.
C)   Synthesis of body proteins is directed by antigens, which are present in every cell.
D)   Amino acids from dying cells or worn-out cell parts are excreted as a component of bile.E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 11

In proteins, amino acids are joined by ________ bonds.

Accepted Answer

A)   amino
B)   peptide
C)   proteolytic
D)   nitrogenE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 12

Which of the following is an essential amino acid?

Accepted Answer

A)   Aspartic Acid
B)   Cysteine
C)   Arginine
D)   TryptophanE) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 13

A vegetarian who eats only foods of plant origin is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   lactoovovegetarian.
B)   lactovegetarian.
C)   vegan.
D)   ovovegetarian.E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 14

Match the following with the descriptions below.
-Complete protein

Accepted Answer

A)  A buildup of fluids in extracellular spaces
B)  Amino acids that can be synthesized by a healthy body in sufficient amounts
C)  Two food protein sources that make up for each other's inadequate supply of specific essential amino acids
D)  A disease that results from consuming an insufficient amount of protein and energy
E)  The essential amino acid in lowest concentration in a food relative to body needsF) Dietary proteins that are low in or lack one or more essential amino acidsG) Amino acids that cannot be synthesized by humans in sufficient amounts and therefore must be included in the dietH) A physical state in which protein intake is equal to related protein lossesI) A disease that results from consuming marginal energy and considerably insufficient protein despite high needsJ) Dietary proteins that contain ample amounts of all nine essential amino acidsK) A) and I)
L) A) and B)

Question 15

Amino acids are absorbed via

Accepted Answer

A)   active absorption.
B)   passive diffusion.
C)   facilitated diffusion.
D)   osmosis.E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 16

The ________ is the site of protein synthesis within the cell.

Accepted Answer

A)   ribosome
B)   nucleus
C)   Golgi apparatus
D)   lysosomeE) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 17

Match the following with the descriptions below.
-Marasmus

Accepted Answer

A)  A buildup of fluids in extracellular spaces
B)  Amino acids that can be synthesized by a healthy body in sufficient amounts
C)  Two food protein sources that make up for each other's inadequate supply of specific essential amino acids
D)  A disease that results from consuming an insufficient amount of protein and energy
E)  The essential amino acid in lowest concentration in a food relative to body needsF) Dietary proteins that are low in or lack one or more essential amino acidsG) Amino acids that cannot be synthesized by humans in sufficient amounts and therefore must be included in the dietH) A physical state in which protein intake is equal to related protein lossesI) A disease that results from consuming marginal energy and considerably insufficient protein despite high needsJ) Dietary proteins that contain ample amounts of all nine essential amino acidsK) C) and I)
L) D) and J)

Question 18

Denaturation refers to

Accepted Answer

A)   alteration of the three-dimensional structure of a protein.
B)   digestion of a polypeptide chain into individual amino acids.
C)   joining of two amino acids to form a dipeptide.
D)   removal of the amino group from an amino acid.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 19

Match the following with the descriptions below.
-Incomplete protein

Accepted Answer

A)  A buildup of fluids in extracellular spaces
B)  Amino acids that can be synthesized by a healthy body in sufficient amounts
C)  Two food protein sources that make up for each other's inadequate supply of specific essential amino acids
D)  A disease that results from consuming an insufficient amount of protein and energy
E)  The essential amino acid in lowest concentration in a food relative to body needsF) Dietary proteins that are low in or lack one or more essential amino acidsG) Amino acids that cannot be synthesized by humans in sufficient amounts and therefore must be included in the dietH) A physical state in which protein intake is equal to related protein lossesI) A disease that results from consuming marginal energy and considerably insufficient protein despite high needsJ) Dietary proteins that contain ample amounts of all nine essential amino acidsK) E) and G)
L) A) and B)

Question 20

Match the following with the descriptions below.
-Kwashiorkor

Accepted Answer

A)  A buildup of fluids in extracellular spaces
B)  Amino acids that can be synthesized by a healthy body in sufficient amounts
C)  Two food protein sources that make up for each other's inadequate supply of specific essential amino acids
D)  A disease that results from consuming an insufficient amount of protein and energy
E)  The essential amino acid in lowest concentration in a food relative to body needsF) Dietary proteins that are low in or lack one or more essential amino acidsG) Amino acids that cannot be synthesized by humans in sufficient amounts and therefore must be included in the dietH) A physical state in which protein intake is equal to related protein lossesI) A disease that results from consuming marginal energy and considerably insufficient protein despite high needsJ) Dietary proteins that contain ample amounts of all nine essential amino acidsK) I) and J)
L) F) and I)

Exam 6: Proteins

In proteins, amino acids are joined by ________ bonds.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Match the following with the descriptions below. -Kwashiorkor

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Match the following with the descriptions below. -Incomplete protein

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Because the DNA cannot leave the nucleus to get to the ribosomes, the genes for proteins must be transcribed into ________ that can leave the nucleus.

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Match the following with the descriptions below. -Complete protein

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When an essential amino acid is lacking in the diet,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

It takes approximately ________ kilograms of grain to produce 1 kilogram of animal protein in cereal-fed animals.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Approximately how many different amino acids are used in the synthesis of body proteins?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Match the following with the descriptions below. -Marasmus

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The ________ is the site of protein synthesis within the cell.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Insulin is one example of a protein that acts as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A vegetarian who eats only foods of plant origin is a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When there is a need for increased dietary protein during pregnancy or lactation, which of the following foods would be least desirable?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is an essential amino acid?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Amino acids are absorbed via

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The American Institute for Cancer Research promotes "The New American Plate," which includes plant-based foods covering ________ of the plate and meat, fish, poultry, or low-fat dairy covering ________ of the plate.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a true statement about body proteins?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Plant-based diets may reduce the risk for cardiovascular disease. This is likely due to the fact that, compared to animal sources of protein, plant sources of protein are lower in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Denaturation refers to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A hereditary condition caused by an incorrect amino acid in a protein chain is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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The American Institute for Cancer Research promotes "The New American Plate," which includes plant-based foods covering of the plate and meat, fish, poultry, or low-fat dairy covering of the plate.

Correct Answer
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