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The deflection by the earth's rotation of atmospheric flow to the right in the Northern Hemisphere, and to the left in the Southern Hemisphere, is known as the


A) Hadley effect.
B) Gulf Stream.
C) Coriolis effect.
D) intertropical convergence zone.
E) solar radiation effect.

F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

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Carbon dioxide is the most abundant greenhouse gas in the atmosphere. What is its current concentration?


A) 1.5 ppm
B) 1.75 ppm
C) 385 ppm
D) 560 ppm
E) 700 ppm

F) All of the above
G) A) and E)

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Lakes with elevated dissolved nutrients and low water clarity are called ____.


A) lotic
B) oligotrophic
C) eutrophic
D) adibiatic
E) headwaters

F) C) and E)
G) None of the above

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The distribution of biomes is primarily determined by weather/wind cycles due to latitudinal gradients in


A) temperature.
B) elevation.
C) rivers.
D) biodiversity.
E) rainfall.

F) All of the above
G) A) and D)

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The Panamanian golden frog is in decline from what specific threat?


A) a virus
B) a fungus
C) an introduced competitor
D) a new road
E) overharvesting

F) A) and D)
G) A) and B)

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A common adaptation of coastal plants that grow on sand dunes is


A) deep roots to extract moisture.
B) broad leaves for enhanced photosynthesis.
C) secretion of proteinaceous threads.
D) increased transpiration of water.
E) elevated growth rates.

F) B) and D)
G) B) and E)

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Rain shadows are found on the windward sides of mountains.

A) True
B) False

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The photic zone in aquatic environments is typically about how deep?


A) 10 m
B) 50 m
C) 100 m
D) 500 m
E) 1000 m

F) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

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The study of species interactions includes


A) predation.
B) parasitism.
C) competition.
D) all of the choices.

E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

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Saltwater fishes are hypoosmotic.

A) True
B) False

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