Question 1

Which of the following scenarios is explained by adaptive radiation?

Accepted Answer

A)   The average running speed of a cheetah increases each generation due to the gazelles getting faster.
B)   The toxicity level of the bark of a species of plant increases due to constantly being attacked by aphids.
C)   The color pattern of the moths living in the woods of England become darker as the levels of pollution increase during the Industrial Revolution.
D)   All of these are examples of adaptive radiation.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 2

A reproductive isolation mechanism includes any structural, functional, or behavioral characteristic that blocks reproductive ability.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

The biological species concept is limited, and may not be applied to

Accepted Answer

A)   asexually reproducing organisms.
B)   organisms known only in the fossil record.
C)   species that could possibly interbreed if they lived near one another.
D)   All of the answer choices are correct.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 4

Isolating mechanisms that prevent reproductive attempts or make it unlikely that reproductive attempts will be successful are referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)   prezygotic reproductive isolating mechanisms.
B)   a lack of F2 fitness.
C)   postzygotic isolating mechanisms.
D)   Two of these are correct.
E)   None of the answer choices are correct.F) D) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 5

Animal diversity is due to variations in the expression of ancient genes in addition to the evolution of new and different genes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

In which model of evolution are many transitional forms predicted?

Accepted Answer

A)   punctuated equilibrium
B)   gradualistic
C)   Neither punctuated equilibrium or gradualistic.
D)   Both punctuated equilibrium and gradualistic.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 7

Study the chart of the mating seasons of these five species of frogs. What factor keeps the frogs reproductively isolated? What other factors may be involved?

Accepted Answer

Answers may vary. This chart obviously d...

Question 8

Which figure depicts a punctuated equilibrium model of evolution?

Accepted Answer

A)   Figure A
B)   Figure B Figure A depicts a gradualistic model of evolution, while Figure B is a punctuated equilibrium model of evolution.C) A) and B)
D) undefined

Question 9

Male fireflies are recognized by females of their species by the pattern of their flashings, while male crickets are recognized by females of their species by their chirping. These are examples of _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   behavioral isolation
B)   habitat isolation
C)   temporal isolation
D)   mechanical isolationE) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 10

The ______________ was proposed to help explain speciation that appears in the fossil record.

Accepted Answer

A)   evolutionary species concept
B)   morphological species concept
C)   phylogenetic species concept
D)   genetic divergence species conceptE) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 11

In some plants, the sperm can not reach the egg because the stigma prevents formation of the pollen tubes. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)   temporal isolation.
B)   behavioral isolation.
C)   gametic isolation.
D)   mechanical isolation.E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 12

The process in which natural selection favors the continual development of prezygotic isolating mechanisms is called

Accepted Answer

A)   disruptive selection.
B)   sympatric speciation.
C)   mutation.
D)   reinforcement.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 13

Descriptions of new species of insects are more likely to contain diagrams of the shape of the male genitalia than head, wing, or leg parts. Why?

Accepted Answer

A)   This is where mutations usually express themselves in animals.
B)   Radiation damage to genes usually occurs in genitalia.
C)   Small changes in the genitalia cause reproductive isolation while a single species can tolerate wider variation in head, wing, and leg morphology.
D)   Arthropods have hard exoskeletons so head, wing, and leg structures can't vary as much.
E)   This is the convention or custom of entomology.F) B) and D)
G) A) and D)

Question 14

Reinforcement would eventually

Accepted Answer

A)   reduce the formation of hybrids.
B)   favor and therefore increase the formation of hybrids.
C)   have no effect on hybrid formation.
D)   increase the fitness of hybrids.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 15

Some genes can bring about radical changes in body shape and organs. The Pax6 gene is one such gene and is involved in

Accepted Answer

A)   determining the location of repeated structures in all vertebrates.
B)   the development of limbs.
C)   eye formation in all animals.
D)   breast cancer.E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 16

A major disadvantage of the evolutionary species concept is that it

Accepted Answer

A)   relies primarily on reproductive isolation to identify species.
B)   applies to both sexually and asexually reproducing species.
C)   uses morphological traits to distinguish species.
D)   is the same as the classic biological species concept.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 17

Two species of the garter snake in the genus Thamnophis are found in the same geographic region. These species are not likely to meet and attempt to reproduce because one lives mainly in the water, while the other species spends most of its time on land. This is known as

Accepted Answer

A)   behavioral isolation.
B)   habitat isolation.
C)   temporal isolation.
D)   zygote mortality.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 18

Sympatric speciation in plants, as a result of ________, is well documented.

Accepted Answer

A)   any type of geographic barrier
B)   a series of islands off of a mainland
C)   polyploidy
D)   mountain rangesE) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 19

Why is the use of morphological traits to distinguish species considered to be a disadvantage?

Accepted Answer

The use of morphological traits to disti...

Question 20

______ is said to occur when a similar trait evolves in two unrelated species while ______ is when a species evolves in response to another species.

Accepted Answer

A)   Convergent evolution, coevolution
B)   Coevolution, convergent evolution
C)   Sympatric speciation, coevolution
D)   Allopatric speciation, convergent evolutionE) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Exam 17: Speciation and Macroevolution

Why is the use of morphological traits to distinguish species considered to be a disadvantage?

Correct AnswerverifiedThe use of morphological traits to disti...View AnswerShow Answer

The process in which natural selection favors the continual development of prezygotic isolating mechanisms is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Isolating mechanisms that prevent reproductive attempts or make it unlikely that reproductive attempts will be successful are referred to as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A major disadvantage of the evolutionary species concept is that it

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Descriptions of new species of insects are more likely to contain diagrams of the shape of the male genitalia than head, wing, or leg parts. Why?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Animal diversity is due to variations in the expression of ancient genes in addition to the evolution of new and different genes.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A reproductive isolation mechanism includes any structural, functional, or behavioral characteristic that blocks reproductive ability.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which figure depicts a punctuated equilibrium model of evolution?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Two species of the garter snake in the genus Thamnophis are found in the same geographic region. These species are not likely to meet and attempt to reproduce because one lives mainly in the water, while the other species spends most of its time on land. This is known as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The ______________ was proposed to help explain speciation that appears in the fossil record.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The biological species concept is limited, and may not be applied to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Male fireflies are recognized by females of their species by the pattern of their flashings, while male crickets are recognized by females of their species by their chirping. These are examples of _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

______ is said to occur when a similar trait evolves in two unrelated species while ______ is when a species evolves in response to another species.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Some genes can bring about radical changes in body shape and organs. The Pax6 gene is one such gene and is involved in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following scenarios is explained by adaptive radiation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Study the chart of the mating seasons of these five species of frogs. What factor keeps the frogs reproductively isolated? What other factors may be involved?

Correct AnswerverifiedAnswers may vary. This chart obviously d...View AnswerShow Answer

In some plants, the sperm can not reach the egg because the stigma prevents formation of the pollen tubes. This is an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Reinforcement would eventually

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In which model of evolution are many transitional forms predicted?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sympatric speciation in plants, as a result of ________, is well documented.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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The use of morphological traits to disti...
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is said to occur when a similar trait evolves in two unrelated species while is when a species evolves in response to another species.

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Answers may vary. This chart obviously d...
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